开发设计型实验教学 提高学生综合能力

设计型实验对提高学生综合能力有重要作用.本文阐述了开发设计型实验的做法、教学效果及体会.     

过氧化氢发动机中的低频振荡

过氧化氢是现代液体火箭推进剂的重要发展方向。针对过氧化氢发动机试验中出现的低频振荡现象,通过建立发动机系统模型,对这种振荡现象进行了仿真和分析,成功实现了发动机的稳定工作。本文将有利于结合仿真和试验,促进过氧化氢发动机的研制。     

在物理实验教学中培养学生的问题意识

本文探讨了在大学物理实验教学中如何培养学生的问题意识,结合平时的教学经验,提出了一些可行的培养方法。     

Operations planning revisited: theoretical and practical implications of methodology

Parts of NATO’s contemporary planning framework called the comprehensive operations planning directive (COPD), and parts of the operation-level planning process should be revised since they suffer from methodological inconsistency. This claim is defended by discussing contradicting methodological properties and heuristics applied when framing and managing a military problem in accordance with the COPD. The methodological inconsistency within the COPD; in other words, simultaneously applying contradictory methodological properties, implies one theoretical and three practical implications. The theoretical implication is summarised in a meta-theoretical framework and explained by discussing five methodological properties: non-linearity, emergence, independently changeable generalisations, invariance and boundaries. The three practical implications of methodology imply that methodology is guiding: the problem-frame, conceptual development and action. To improve military planners’ understanding and management of these four identified implications, NATO is recommended to develop a “handbook of methodology.” The purpose of such a handbook should be to emphasise the utility of methodology when planning military operations.     

A usable past: a contemporary approach to history for the Western profession of arms

The most effective way for the Western profession of arms to use history is to disavow the purism and narrow specialisation of today’s academia in favour of developing a contemporary approach to the subject. The latter aims to foster a range of applied diagnostic skills that transcend the temporal dimensions of past, present, and future. A contemporary approach to history for military professionals emphasises the use of inter-disciplinary war studies to enhance policy relevance. In any defense and security organisation, history must be usable in the sense of providing cognitive and interpretative skills for probing relationships between possibility and actuality, between experience and expectation, and between singularity and repetition. Using history to examine such dialectical interconnections is particularly valuable when military establishments confront their essential task of analyzing emerging trends in the future of war.     

基于仿真推演的导弹作战实验框架分析与设计

针对导弹武器论证设计高成本、高复杂度的问题，本文梳理了导弹作战实验设计服务的多种功能需求，阐述了导弹作战实验设计的数理方法；为构建具有较好柔性的导弹作战实验仿真框架，针对导弹系统多个性能指标，辨析了各类导弹作战实验仿真变量；针对作战实验中的环境和装备特性，梳理了导弹作战实验模型体系，提出了仿真新模型开发框架；结合导弹作战实验案例，构建了实验设计优化方法，提出了作战实验检验设计方案；从运行实验出发，阐述了设定作战想定、建立控制机制、开展结果分析等仿真环节的具体设计。通过这些工作，形成了一种支撑导弹作战实验的柔性仿真框架，为进一步开展基于仿真推演的导弹作战实验提供参考。     

多矢量水听器低频近场目标协同定位算法

针对水下小平台难以实现低频近场目标定位的问题,研究了基于多个矢量水听器的协同定位算法。算法将多个矢量水听器视为不同的观测点,利用矢量水听器阵列流型特点估计出目标相对于不同观测点的方位角,根据这些方位角信息利用正交矢量算法对近场目标进行定位,避免了多维搜索过程,减少了计算量。仿真结果表明,算法能够准确地定位低频近场目标,有效地提高定位精度。     

断裂复合材料层压板贴片快速修复工艺研究

采用CMR-1A复合材料热补仪和3234/G814复合材料预浸料贴片,对完全断裂的复合材料层压板进行双面修复。通过正交试验法获得了最佳修复工艺参数:固化温度为130℃;固化时间为80 min;贴片层数为5层(单面);真空度为0.04 MPa;贴片长度为50 mm。对优化工艺参数进行试验验证,结果表明:复合材料层压板拉伸强度从0 MPa增加到320.84 MPa,提高了57.29%;LY12CZ铝合金和45钢板拉伸强度恢复率分别为96%和75.53%。     

通用装备机械液压系统综合检测试验平台运用问题研究

论述了通用装备机械液压系统综合检测试验平台的功能、组成结构、特点及对平台的初步认识,从使用时机、平台的编配、平台的质量管理、平台保障数据库建设、平台的应用等方面,对平台的运用问题进行了研究,并从平时保障的角度对平台提出改进建议。     

去耦瓦敷设方式对双层壳声振动的影响

文中对有限长敷设隔声去耦材料的加筋双层圆柱壳进行了振动和声辐射试验,测量了壳体的结构响应和水中的辐射声压,对内外壳全部敷设、内壳全部敷设、外壳全部敷设以及外壳部分敷设隔声去耦材料四种敷设方式进行了对比。结果表明,内外壳全部敷设隔声去耦材料对抑制振动和声辐射最有效,而且部分敷设隔声去耦材料对水下航行器敷设隔声材料的位置选择具有一定的参考价值。